21/11/2025 (Agence Europe) – On Friday 21 November, the European Commission initiated infringement proceedings against Slovakia over its recent constitutional reform. It sent a letter of formal notice to Slovakia for breaching the fundamental principles of EU law, specifically the principles of primacy, autonomy, effectiveness and uniform application of EU law, according to a press release. On 26 September, Slovakia adopted amendments to its Constitution, supplementing Article 7 with additional provisions authorising the Slovak authorities, including the courts, to assess whether and to what extent EU law is applicable in Slovakia, including judgments of the Court of Justice. This contravenes the principle of the primacy of EU law. The Commission raised its concerns before the adoption of these amendments (see EUROPE 13707/2). The amendments stipulate, in particular, that Slovak law takes precedence over common EU standards in “value-based” issues. (SP)